減壓閥靜密封面損壞的原因減壓閥靜密封面損壞水減壓閥靜密封面損壞的原因減壓閥密封

　　The reason for the damage of the static sealing surface of the pressure reducing valve is that the static sealing surface of the pressure reducing valve is damaged. The reason for the damage of the static sealing surface of the water pressure reducing valve is that the pressure reducing valve is sealed

　　氣體減壓閥靜密封面損壞的原因蒸汽減壓閥靜密封面損壞

　　The reason for the damage of the static sealing surface of the gas pressure reducing valve is that the static sealing surface of the steam pressure reducing valve is damaged

　　之前介紹組合式減壓閥在國華惠州熱電應(yīng)用，現(xiàn)在介紹有哪些?

　　Previously, we introduced the application of combined pressure reducing valves in Guohua Huizhou Thermal Power. Now, what are the options?

　　密封副不產(chǎn)生相對運(yùn)動而處在相對靜止的狀態(tài)稱為靜密封，該密封的表面稱為靜密封面。密封面損壞的原因有人為損壞和天然損壞兩種。

　　The state where the sealing pair does not produce relative motion but remains relatively stationary is called a static seal, and the surface of the seal is called the static sealing surface. There are two reasons for damage to the sealing surface: human damage and natural damage.

　　人為損壞，因為設(shè)計不周、制造不精、選材不當(dāng)、裝置不正、使用不好和維修不力等因素引起的天然損壞，閥門正常工作情況下的磨損，介質(zhì)對密封面不可避免的侵蝕和沖蝕等造成的損壞。

　　Human damage refers to natural damage caused by factors such as inadequate design, poor manufacturing, improper material selection, improper installation, poor use, and inadequate maintenance, as well as wear and tear of valves under normal operating conditions and inevitable erosion and erosion of sealing surfaces by media.

　　減壓閥發(fā)生靜態(tài)密封泄漏的原因減壓閥作為液壓系統(tǒng)中的重要元件，其主要作用是使系統(tǒng)的出口壓力始終處在低于進(jìn)口壓力的水平，保持系統(tǒng)出口壓力的穩(wěn)定，且系統(tǒng)出口壓力不受入口壓力和流量波動的影響;但是減壓閥一旦發(fā)生密封面泄漏，不僅影響生產(chǎn)的正常進(jìn)行，還造成液壓油的損失，污染環(huán)境;在船用液壓系統(tǒng)中，減壓閥作為主要控制元件，其密封的重要性是不可小視的。

　　The reason for static sealing leakage of pressure reducing valves is that as an important component in hydraulic systems, the main function of pressure reducing valves is to keep the outlet pressure of the system always at a level lower than the inlet pressure, maintain the stability of the system outlet pressure, and the system outlet pressure is not affected by fluctuations in inlet pressure and flow rate; However, once the sealing surface of the pressure reducing valve leaks, it not only affects the normal production process, but also causes the loss of hydraulic oil and pollutes the environment; In marine hydraulic systems, the importance of sealing the pressure reducing valve as the main control component cannot be underestimated.

　　1、減壓閥靜態(tài)密封故障問題的分析經(jīng)過和相關(guān)專家共同研究分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，減壓閥的連接套和閥體之間的密封主要是依靠連接套和閥體內(nèi)壁之間的O型圈進(jìn)行周向密封，該密封一旦實效，其外泄漏是不可避免的。

　　1. After joint research and analysis with relevant experts, it was found that the sealing between the connecting sleeve and the valve body of the pressure reducing valve mainly relies on the O-ring between the connecting sleeve and the inner wall of the valve body for circumferential sealing. Once this sealing is effective, external leakage is inevitable.

　　2、解決減壓閥密封問題的措施(1)提高減壓閥密封表面質(zhì)量。(2)保證減壓閥密封O形圈的壓縮量。(3)增加減壓閥端面密封。(4)降低減壓閥O型圈和密封面之間的摩擦力。傷和擠傷密封面，使密封外表局部磨損或產(chǎn)生壓痕。

　　2. Measures to solve the sealing problem of pressure reducing valves: (1) Improve the sealing surface quality of pressure reducing valves. (2) Ensure the compression capacity of the sealing O-ring of the pressure reducing valve. (3) Increase the sealing of the pressure reducing valve end face. (4) Reduce the friction between the O-ring and sealing surface of the pressure reducing valve. Injury and compression damage to the sealing surface, causing local wear or indentation on the sealing surface.

　　機(jī)械損傷，密封面在開閉過咱中會產(chǎn)生擦傷、碰傷、擠傷等損壞。兩密封面之間，高溫高壓的作用下發(fā)生原子相互滲透滲出，發(fā)生粘連現(xiàn)

　　Mechanical damage can cause scratches, bumps, and squeezes on the sealing surface during opening and closing. Atomic permeation and leakage occur between two sealing surfaces under high temperature and pressure, leading to adhesion

　　象。當(dāng)兩密封面相互移動時，粘連處輕易拉撕。密封面外表租拙度越高，這種現(xiàn)象越輕易發(fā)生。閥門在封閉過程中、閥瓣在回座過程中會碰介質(zhì)的沖蝕，介質(zhì)活動時對密封面磨損、沖洗、汽蝕的結(jié)果。介質(zhì)在一定的速度下，介質(zhì)中的浮游細(xì)粒抵觸冒犯密封面，使其造成局部損壞，高速活動的介質(zhì)直接沖洗密封面，使其造成局部損壞，介質(zhì)混流和局部汽化時，產(chǎn)氣憤泡爆破沖擊密封面表面，造成局部損壞。介質(zhì)的沖蝕加之化學(xué)侵蝕交替作用，會強(qiáng)烈的浸蝕密封面。電化學(xué)侵蝕，密封面互相接觸、密封面與封閉體和閥體的接觸以及介質(zhì)的濃度差、氧濃差等原因，都會發(fā)生電位差，發(fā)生電化學(xué)侵蝕，致使陽極一方的密封面被侵蝕。介質(zhì)的化學(xué)侵蝕，密封面附近的介質(zhì)在不產(chǎn)生電流的情況下，介質(zhì)直接與密封面起化學(xué)作用，侵蝕密封面。裝置不正和維修不力導(dǎo)致密封面工作不正常，閥門帶病運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，過早地?fù)p壞了密封面。選型不當(dāng)和支配不良所引起的損壞。主要表示在沒有按工況前提選用閥門，把截斷閥當(dāng)節(jié)流閥使用，導(dǎo)致封閉比壓過大以及封閉過快或封閉不嚴(yán)，使密封面受到?jīng)_蝕和磨損。

　　Elephant. When the two sealing surfaces move towards each other, the adhesive area is easily torn off. The higher the roughness of the sealing surface, the more likely this phenomenon occurs. During the closing process of the valve and the reseating process of the valve disc, it will collide with the erosion of the medium, resulting in wear, flushing, and cavitation of the sealing surface during the movement of the medium. At a certain speed, the floating fine particles in the medium collide with the sealing surface, causing local damage. The high-speed moving medium directly flushes the sealing surface, causing local damage. When the medium mixes and vaporizes locally, it produces bubbles that burst and impact the surface of the sealing surface, causing local damage. The erosion of the medium combined with the alternating effect of chemical erosion will strongly corrode the sealing surface. Electrochemical erosion, contact between sealing surfaces, contact between sealing surfaces and enclosed bodies and valve bodies, as well as differences in medium concentration and oxygen concentration, can all cause potential differences and electrochemical erosion, resulting in erosion of the sealing surface on the anode side. Chemical erosion of the medium, where the medium near the sealing surface directly interacts with the sealing surface without generating current, corroding the sealing surface. Improper installation and inadequate maintenance resulted in abnormal operation of the sealing surface, valve malfunction, and premature damage to the sealing surface. Damage caused by improper selection and poor management. Mainly refers to the use of a cut-off valve as a throttle valve without selecting the valve according to the operating conditions, which results in excessive sealing pressure, rapid sealing, or inadequate sealing, causing erosion and wear of the sealing surface.

　　減壓閥(組合式減壓閥，可調(diào)式減壓閥，自力式減壓閥密封面加工質(zhì)量不好，主要表示在密封面上有裂紋。

　　Pressure reducing valves (combination pressure reducing valves, adjustable pressure reducing valves, self operated pressure reducing valves) have poor sealing surface processing quality, mainly indicating cracks on the sealing surface.

　　靜密封面損壞的原因概括如下:

　　The reasons for the damage to the static sealing surface are summarized as follows:

　　紋、氣孔和夾碴等缺陷，因為堆焊和熱處置規(guī)范選用不當(dāng)以及堆焊和熱處置過程中支配不良引起的密封面硬度過高或過低，因為選材分歧錯誤或熱處置不當(dāng)引起的密封面硬度不勻、不耐侵蝕，主要是因為在堆焊過程中將底層金屬吹到上面來了沖淡了密封面合金成分所引起的當(dāng)

　　Defects such as wrinkles, pores, and inclusions are caused by improper selection of welding and heat treatment specifications, as well as poor control during welding and heat treatment processes, resulting in excessively high or low hardness of the sealing surface. Uneven hardness and corrosion resistance of the sealing surface are mainly caused by blowing the underlying metal onto the surface during welding, diluting the alloy composition of the sealing surface

　　1靜密封面的表面粗糙度較高，主要原因是使用時間過長，介質(zhì)浸蝕，維修欠佳。

　　The surface roughness of the static sealing surface is relatively high, mainly due to prolonged use, medium erosion, and poor maintenance.

　　2靜密封面有明顯的壓痕，主要是選用墊片硬度過高或混入了砂粒、焊瘤等物所致。

　　There are obvious indentations on the static sealing surface, mainly caused by the use of gaskets with high hardness or the mixing of sand particles, weld beads, and other substances.

　　3靜密封面有劃痕和鏟傷.主要是拆卸、清洗過程中違反操作規(guī)程，用力不當(dāng)引起的。

　　3. The static sealing surface has scratches and dents Mainly caused by violation of operating procedures and improper use of force during disassembly and cleaning processes.

　　4靜密封面嚴(yán)重銹蝕，主要是介質(zhì)的腐蝕和選埔閥門不當(dāng)而引起的。

　　The severe corrosion of the static sealing surface is mainly caused by the corrosion of the medium and improper selection of the valve.

　　5靜密封面有明顯的溝槽，主要是靜密封面產(chǎn)生泄漏后，沒有及時修理，介質(zhì)沖蝕的結(jié)果。

　　There are obvious grooves on the 5 static sealing surfaces, mainly due to the leakage of the static sealing surfaces that were not repaired in a timely manner, resulting in the erosion of the medium.

　　6靜密封面產(chǎn)生變形，主要是剛度不夠，連接力過大，高溫下產(chǎn)生熱蠕變的結(jié)果。

　　The deformation of the static sealing surface is mainly due to insufficient stiffness, excessive connection force, and thermal creep at high temperatures.

　　7靜密封面有泄漏孔，主要是制造質(zhì)量不好，引起的皺折、氣孔、夾碴等缺陷所致。

　　7. There are leakage holes on the static sealing surface, mainly caused by poor manufacturing quality, resulting in defects such as wrinkles, pores, and slag inclusions.

　　3靜密封面有裂紋，主要是設(shè)計不合理、制造質(zhì)量差，安裝或操作不當(dāng)，處在交變載荷下而引起的。

　　There are cracks on the static sealing surface, mainly caused by unreasonable design, poor manufacturing quality, improper installation or operation, and exposure to alternating loads.

　　經(jīng)過和相關(guān)專家共同分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，該減壓閥的連接套和閥體之間的密封主要是依靠連接套和閥體內(nèi)壁之間的O型圈進(jìn)行周向密封，該密封一旦實效，其外泄漏是不可避免的。對泄漏部位拆卸進(jìn)行檢查并分析后，認(rèn)為連接套和閥體之間的密封存在以下問題。(1)閥體密封面不密封。由于減壓閥的連接套和閥體之間主要依靠螺紋連接;為了防止螺紋松動，在減壓閥組裝時，在連接套外螺紋上涂抹緊固膠，緊固膠溢流到0型國的環(huán)密封面上，緊固膠凝固后在密封面上形成了凹凸不平的表面，形成泄漏通道，使O形圈內(nèi)外密封不嚴(yán)，為油液的滲漏留下了隱患。

　　After joint analysis with relevant experts, it was found that the sealing between the connecting sleeve and the valve body of the pressure reducing valve mainly relies on the O-ring between the connecting sleeve and the inner wall of the valve body for circumferential sealing. Once this sealing is effective, external leakage is inevitable. After inspecting and analyzing the disassembly of the leaking area, it is believed that there are the following issues with the sealing between the connecting sleeve and the valve body. (1) The sealing surface of the valve body is not sealed. Due to the fact that the connection sleeve and valve body of the pressure reducing valve mainly rely on threaded connections; In order to prevent loose threads, during the assembly of the pressure reducing valve, fastening glue is applied to the external threads of the connecting sleeve. The fastening glue overflows onto the sealing surface of the 0-type country ring, and after solidification, it forms an uneven surface on the sealing surface, forming a leakage channel, which makes the sealing inside and outside of the O-ring not tight, leaving a hidden danger for oil leakage.

　　(2)0型圈壓縮量偏低，造成O形圈密封失效。目前，連接套和閥體之間的O型圈的規(guī)格為031.47mmxo1.78mm，密封槽深度為1.6mm，O型圈的壓縮率為10.1%，遠(yuǎn)低于正常理論靜密封壓縮率15%~30%，不能對密封面進(jìn)行有效密封，從而造成密封失效。

　　(2) The compression of the O-ring is too low, causing the O-ring seal to fail. At present, the specification of the O-ring between the connecting sleeve and the valve body is 031.47mmxo1.78mm, the depth of the sealing groove is 1.6mm, and the compression rate of the O-ring is 10.1%, which is much lower than the normal theoretical static sealing compression rate of 15%~30%. It cannot effectively seal the sealing surface, resulting in sealing failure.

　　(3)密封形式本身的缺陷。減壓閥連接套和閥體之間的密封依靠0型圈的周向壓縮在周向進(jìn)行密封，雖然該密封形式應(yīng)用普遍，但是對裝配操作要求嚴(yán)格。在裝配時，需要O型圈和周向密封面保持垂直狀態(tài)，否則，0型圈在周向方向容易變?yōu)闄E圓形，導(dǎo)致O型圈和密封面不能有效接觸，終密封失效。對O型圈檢查后，發(fā)現(xiàn)O型圈的外圓周有劃痕，形成油液外滲通道。

　　(3) Defects in the sealing form itself. The sealing between the pressure reducing valve connecting sleeve and the valve body relies on the circumferential compression of the O-ring for sealing in the circumferential direction. Although this sealing form is widely used, it requires strict assembly operations. During assembly, it is necessary to maintain a vertical position between the O-ring and the circumferential sealing surface. Otherwise, the O-ring may become elliptical in the circumferential direction, resulting in ineffective contact between the O-ring and the sealing surface and ultimately leading to seal failure. After inspecting the O-ring, it was found that there were scratches on the outer circumference of the O-ring, forming an oil leakage channel.

　　(4)O型圈和密封面的摩擦力過大。由于在安裝過程中，0型圈隨著密封面一起轉(zhuǎn)動，由于O型圈的硬度相對于密封面來說比較小，容易產(chǎn)生劃痕，從而產(chǎn)生滲漏現(xiàn)象。

　　(4) The friction between the O-ring and the sealing surface is too high. Due to the rotation of the O-ring along with the sealing surface during installation, the hardness of the O-ring is relatively small compared to the sealing surface, making it prone to scratches and leakage.

　　連接套和閥體之間的密封存在的上述4個問題，是影響減壓閥連接套和閥體之間油液滲漏的重要因素，因此解決問題的措施也應(yīng)該圍繞這4個問題。靜密封面的損壞足造成閥門泄漏的主要原凼之一，應(yīng)引起重視。

　　The above four problems with the sealing between the connecting sleeve and the valve body are important factors affecting oil leakage between the pressure reducing valve connecting sleeve and the valve body. Therefore, measures to solve these problems should also focus on these four issues. The damage to the static sealing surface is one of the main causes of valve leakage and should be taken seriously.